Food Allergies in Children
Overview
Food allergies occur when a child’s immune system reacts abnormally to certain foods. Common allergens include milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, wheat, fish, and shellfish. Reactions can range from mild skin rashes to severe anaphylaxis. Early identification and management are crucial to prevent complications and ensure safe nutrition.
- Symptoms of Food Allergies
- Skin reactions: hives, eczema, or redness
- Gastrointestinal symptoms: vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
- Respiratory symptoms: sneezing, nasal congestion, wheezing
- Swelling of lips, tongue, or throat
- Severe reactions (anaphylaxis): difficulty breathing, dizziness, rapid heartbeat
When to See a Doctor
Parents should consult a pediatrician or allergist if:
- The child experiences repeated or severe reactions after eating
- Symptoms include difficulty breathing or swelling of the face/throat occur
- Unexplained gastrointestinal or skin symptoms occur
- There is a family history of allergies or asthma
- The child shows growth or nutrition concerns due to restricted diet
Causes and Risk Factors
- Genetic predisposition (family history of allergies, asthma, or eczema)
- Early exposure to allergenic foods in sensitive children
- Coexisting conditions like asthma or eczema
- Environmental factors and diet diversity
Diagnosis
- Detailed history of food intake and symptom patterns
- Skin prick tests or blood tests for specific IgE antibodies
- Oral food challenge under medical supervision
- Dietary elimination and reintroduction trials
Treatment Options
- Avoidance of allergenic foods: Mainstay of management
- Emergency preparedness: Carrying antihistamines or epinephrine auto-injectors for severe allergies
- Medications: Antihistamines for mild reactions
- Allergy desensitization: Oral immunotherapy in select cases
- Nutritional support: Ensuring balanced diet despite restrictions
Home Care & Prevention
- Read food labels carefully and educate caregivers
- Inform schools and caretakers about the child’s allergies
- Introduce new foods gradually and monitor for reactions
- Keep emergency medications accessible at all times
- Maintain a safe and allergen-free environment at home
Why Choose Ankura Hospitals
- Pediatric allergy specialists for accurate diagnosis and management
- Personalized care plans including avoidance strategies and emergency preparedness
- Multidisciplinary support for nutrition, growth, and lifestyle
- Child-friendly education and counseling for families
- Ongoing monitoring for evolving allergies and immunotherapy options
Frequently Asked Questions
Our healthcare specialists are equipped with the knowledge and skills to provide you with the support you require. From consultation to diagnosis to treatments, our experts are dedicated to helping you.