Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in Children
Overview
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria infect any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, or urethra. UTIs are common in children and can range from mild to severe. Early recognition and treatment are essential to prevent complications like kidney damage.
- Causes & Risk Factors
- Poor hygiene, especially after diaper changes or toilet use
- Holding urine for long periods
- Structural abnormalities in the urinary tract
- Constipation, which can affect bladder function
- Female children are more susceptible due to shorter urethra
Signs & Symptoms
- Pain or burning during urination
- Frequent urination or sudden urge to urinate
- Bedwetting in a previously dry child
- Lower abdominal pain or back pain
- Fever, vomiting, or irritability in younger children
- Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
Diagnosis & Treatment
Paediatric nephrologists may perform a urine test or culture to identify the infection. Treatment includes:
- Antibiotics to clear bacterial infections
- Adequate hydration to flush bacteria from the urinary tract
- Treating underlying conditions such as constipation
- Preventive measures for recurrent UTIs
Prevention & Home Care
- Encourage children to drink plenty of water
- Teach proper wiping techniques (front to back)
- Avoid holding urine for prolonged periods
- Maintain good hygiene and regular bathroom routines
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention immediately if your child has:
- Fever with urinary symptoms
- Blood in urine
- Recurrent infections
- Signs of kidney involvement (back pain, nausea)
Frequently Asked Questions
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